This report presents the results of a National Assessment Workshop held in August 1998 to address the problem of estuarine eutrophication. The assessment was based primarily on the results of the National Estuarine Eutrophication Survey, conducted by NOAA from 1992 to 1997, but was supplemented by information on nutrient inputs, population projections, and land use drawn from a variety of sources. It covers 138 estuaries, representing over 90 percent of the estuarine surface area of the coterminous United States, plus the Mississippi River Plume. The final assessment presented here was undertaken at the National Assessment Workshop by a select group of experts, all of whom participated in the eutrophication survey. The Workshop was structured around answering seven key questions regarding the severity and extent of eutrophication in the nation’s estuaries. All results presented in this report were reviewed by the Workshop participants.