An NCCOS-funded study is assessing how some algae, such as Alexandrium catenella, prioritize producing toxin over producing additional cells when predators are present, such as Acartia hudsonica pictured here. This causes a more toxic but smaller bloom. This effect can exist for years after the predators are removed. Explore additional findings from this study: https://coastalscience.noaa.gov/news/when-algaes-past-predation-haunts-future-blooms/