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A Study of Gambierdiscus 'Super Bugs' and Ciguatox...

Ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP) is the most common algal-borne illness worldwide. It is a debilitating syndrome caused by consumption of fish contaminated with ciguatoxins (CTXs) produced by the dinoflagellate Gambierdiscus ...
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Harmful Algal Bloom Detection and Forecasting, Stressor Impacts and Mitigation, Florida, U.S. States and Territories, U.S. Virgin Islands, marc.suddleson@noaa.gov

An Early Warning System for Pseudo-nitzschia Harmf...

Blooms of some species of the diatom Pseudo-nitzschia produce a neurotoxin that accumulates in shellfish, which can cause illness and even death in humans who eat them. Shellfish managers monitor ...
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Coastal Change, Harmful Algal Bloom Detection and Forecasting, Stressor Impacts and Mitigation, Oregon, U.S. States and Territories, Washington, marc.suddleson@noaa.gov

Application of Quantitative Molecular Methods to C...

This project supports development for two lab-based quantitative molecular methods for more rapid, accurate detection of Alexandrium catenella resting cysts in sediment from the Gulf of Maine, Puget Sound, and ...
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Harmful Algal Bloom Detection and Forecasting, Other Topics, Sponsored Research, Stressor Impacts and Mitigation, Alaska, Atlantic Ocean, California, Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, Oregon, Pacific Ocean, U.S. States and Territories, Washington, Waterbodies, marc.suddleson@noaa.gov, steve.kibler@noaa.gov

Biscayne Bay PhycoNet

Why We Care Biscayne Bay is a coastal embayment in southeast Florida that has experienced rapid human population growth over the last century, resulting in steady declines in water and ...
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Harmful Algal Bloom Detection and Forecasting, Other Topics, Sponsored Research, Stressor Impacts and Mitigation, Florida, U.S. States and Territories, marc.suddleson@noaa.gov

Can Management Actions on Land Influence Harmful A...

The marine diatom Pseudo-nitzschia. Credit: Dr: Rozalind Jester. This project will enhance an existing regional coastal model to understand the relative importance of land-based inputs on the frequency and severity ...
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Stressor Impacts and Mitigation, California, Oregon, U.S. States and Territories, Washington, marc.suddleson@noaa.gov

Characterization of an Algicidal Agent Produced by...

We examined a biological control agent isolated from a bacteria species that may provide a mechanism for halting the growth of certain types of toxic dinoflagellate harmful algal blooms. We ...
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Harmful Algal Bloom Detection and Forecasting, Stressor Impacts and Mitigation, Chesapeake Bay, Maryland, New Jersey, U.S. States and Territories, Virginia, Waterbodies, marc.suddleson@noaa.gov

Comparative Analysis of Quantitative Detection Met...

We are providing a thorough comparison of two different genetic methods used to quickly count the number of harmful algae present in a water sample. Our results will improve harmful ...
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Harmful Algal Bloom Detection and Forecasting, Stressor Impacts and Mitigation, Delaware, South Carolina, U.S. States and Territories, marc.suddleson@noaa.gov

Development and Implementation of an Operational H...

This project developed a prototype operational statistical nowcast/forecast system for three harmful algal bloom (HAB) organisms in the Chesapeake Bay ecosystem, specifically the dinoflagellates Karlodinium veneficum, Prorocentrum minimus, and the ...
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Harmful Algal Bloom Detection and Forecasting, Other Topics, Sponsored Research, Stressor Impacts and Mitigation, Technology Transfer, Chesapeake Bay, Maryland, U.S. States and Territories, Virginia, Waterbodies, marc.suddleson@noaa.gov

Differences in the Toxicity of the Alga Gambierdis...

The goal of this project is to advance our understanding of toxins produced by different species of the alga Gambierdiscus and how these toxins and their varieties move through the ...
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Biological Effects of Contaminants and Nutrients, Harmful Algal Bloom Detection and Forecasting, Stressor Impacts and Mitigation, Caribbean Sea, Waterbodies, marc.suddleson@noaa.gov

Emerging Algal Toxins in the California Current Sy...

Surveys in California have highlighted the occurrence of HAB toxins in estuarine waters and shellfish, but there is concern that current monitoring approaches under-report the threats. There is a need ...
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Harmful Algal Bloom Detection and Forecasting, Other Topics, Sponsored Research, Stressor Impacts and Mitigation, California, Pacific Ocean, U.S. States and Territories, Washington, Waterbodies, marc.suddleson@noaa.gov

News

Study Estimates Economic Impacts of Harmful Algal ...

Razor clamming on Washington coast, October 20, 2021. Credit: Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife. A new study from NCCOS-funded researchers estimates a range of economic impacts that result from ...
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December 13, 2022 Biological Effects of Contaminants and Nutrients, Harmful Algal Bloom Detection and Forecasting, Stressor Impacts and Mitigation, Water Quality, Oregon, U.S. States and Territories, Washington, marc.suddleson@noaa.gov

11th U.S. Harmful Algal Bloom Symposium Highlights...

The 11th U.S. Symposium on Harmful Algae highlighted advances in research and development of scientifically sound solutions to aid communities across the country in responding to the increasing impacts from harmful ...
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November 9, 2022 Harmful Algal Bloom Detection and Forecasting, Other Topics, Outreach, Sponsored Research, Stressor Impacts and Mitigation, New York, U.S. States and Territories, david.kidwell@noaa.gov, Kaytee.Pokrzywinski@noaa.gov, marc.suddleson@noaa.gov

NCCOS Awards $16.1M for Harmful Algal Bloom Resear...

Cyanobacteria shares some properties with algae and are found naturally in lakes, streams, ponds and other surface waters. (EPA) NCCOS is announcing $16.1 million in funding for harmful algal bloom ...
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October 19, 2022 Harmful Algal Bloom Detection and Forecasting, Other Topics, Sponsored Research, Stressor Impacts and Mitigation, U.S. States and Territories, Waterbodies, david.kidwell@noaa.gov, felix.martinez@noaa.gov, maggie.broadwater@noaa.gov, marc.suddleson@noaa.gov

Integrative Harmful Algae Monitoring Strategy Deve...

San Elijo Lagoon, in San Diego County. Photo Credit: Carey Nagoda Many coastal states throughout the U.S. have observed negative impacts in marine and estuarine environments due to cyanobacteria toxins ...
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October 12, 2022 Funding, Harmful Algal Bloom Detection and Forecasting, Other Topics, Stressor Impacts and Mitigation, California, Pacific Ocean, U.S. States and Territories, Waterbodies, marc.suddleson@noaa.gov

NOAA Announces FY23 Notice of Funding Opportunity ...

Western Lake Erie True Color Image of a harmful algal bloom derived from Ocean and Land Color Instrument (OLCI) sensor on Copernicus Sentinel-b obtained from EUMETSAT. NOAA’s National Centers for ...
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September 30, 2022 Harmful Algal Bloom Detection and Forecasting, Other Topics, Sponsored Research, Stressor Impacts and Mitigation, felix.martinez@noaa.gov, maggie.broadwater@noaa.gov, marc.suddleson@noaa.gov

NOAA Harmful Algae Research Supports Resumption of...

Baskets of oysters from a Washington oyster farm at harvest time. Credit: NOAA Northwest Fisheries Science Center. In February 2022, the United States and the European Union concluded ongoing negotiations ...
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April 18, 2022 Harmful Algal Bloom Detection and Forecasting, Stressor Impacts and Mitigation, Pacific Ocean, U.S. States and Territories, Washington, Waterbodies, marc.suddleson@noaa.gov, vera.trainer@noaa.gov

Algal Cyst Sampling in Puget Sound Advances Effort...

Sediment collection in Puget Sound on R\V Robertson. Credit: C. Greengrove, UWT. NCCOS-funded partners recently completed the second of a two-phased research cruise in Puget Sound as part of a ...
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February 3, 2022 Harmful Algal Bloom Detection and Forecasting, Other Topics, Sponsored Research, Stressor Impacts and Mitigation, Puget Sound, U.S. States and Territories, Washington, Waterbodies, marc.suddleson@noaa.gov, steve.kibler@noaa.gov

Seasonal Differences in Gambierdiscus Abundance, T...

An NCCOS-sponsored study provides the most comprehensive and quantitative assessment to date of the in situ toxicity of Gambierdiscus marine dinoflagellates in the Caribbean. Study findings have implications for the ...
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November 29, 2021 Harmful Algal Bloom Detection and Forecasting, Other Topics, Sponsored Research, Stressor Impacts and Mitigation, Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea, U.S. States and Territories, U.S. Virgin Islands, Waterbodies, marc.suddleson@noaa.gov

NOAA Awards $15.2M for Harmful Algal Bloom Researc...

An LRAUV makes its way through the green, algae-rich waters of Lake Erie to track the 2019 harmful algal bloom.Credit: Ben Yair Raanan, Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI) NOAA ...
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October 27, 2021 Funding, Harmful Algal Bloom Detection and Forecasting, Other Topics, Stressor Impacts and Mitigation, U.S. States and Territories, Waterbodies, marc.suddleson@noaa.gov

Algal Toxins Found in U.S. Seabirds

A publication sponsored in part by NCCOS presents a retrospective analysis of harmful algal bloom (HAB) related mortality events in California, Washington and Rhode Island between 2007 and 2018 involving ...
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September 13, 2021 Biological Effects of Contaminants and Nutrients, Harmful Algal Bloom Detection and Forecasting, Other Topics, Sponsored Research, Stressor Impacts and Mitigation, Atlantic Ocean, California, Pacific Ocean, Rhode Island, U.S. States and Territories, Washington, Waterbodies, marc.suddleson@noaa.gov

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Data & Publications

A decade and a half of Pseudo-nitzschia spp. and domoic acid along the coast of southern California

Blooms of the marine diatom genus Pseudo-nitzschia that produce the neurotoxin domoic acid have been documented with regularity along the coast of southern California since 2003, with the occurrence of the toxin in shellfish tissue predating information on domoic acid ...
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An unprecedented coastwide toxic algal bloom linked to anomalous ocean conditions

A coastwide bloom of the toxigenic diatom Pseudo-nitzschia in spring 2015 resulted in the largest recorded outbreak of the neurotoxin, domoic acid, along the North American west coast. Elevated toxins were measured in numerous stranded marine mammals and resulted in ...
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Blooms of Pseudo-nitzschia and Domoic Acid in the San Pedro Channel and Los Angeles Harbor Areas of the Southern California Bight, 2003-2004

Abundances of Pseudo-nitzschia spp. and concentrations of particulate domoic acid (DA) were determined in the Southern California Bight (SCB) along the coasts of Los Angeles and Orange Counties during spring and summer of 2003 and 2004. At least 1500 km2 ...
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Blurred lines: Multiple freshwater and marine algal toxins at the land-sea interface of San Francisco Bay, California

San Francisco Bay (SFB) is a eutrophic estuary that harbors both freshwater and marine toxigenic organisms that are responsible for harmful algal blooms. While there are few commercial fishery harvests within SFB, recreational and subsistence harvesting for shellfish is common ...
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Climatic regulation of the neurotoxin domoic acid

Domoic acid is a potent neurotoxin produced by certain marine microalgae that can accumulate in the foodweb, posing a health threat to human seafood consumers and wildlife in coastal regions worldwide. Evidence of climatic regulation of domoic acid in shellfish ...
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Comparison of sandwich hybridization assay and quantitative PCR for the quantification of live and preserved cultures of Heterosigma akashiwo (Raphidophyceae)

In this study, we directly compared two molecular techniques, sandwich hybridization assay (SHA) and quantitative PCR (qPCR), for quantifying laboratory cultures of the ichthyotoxic raphidophyte Heterosigma akashiwo. To maximize comparisons, all experiments entailed raising H. akashiwo in the laboratory, generating ...
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Effects of an Acute Hypoxic Event on Microplankton Community Structure in a Coastal Harbor of Southern California

Fish mortality and hypoxic events occur in many coastal and inland systems and may result from natural or anthropogenically mediated processes. The effects of consequent changes in water biogeochemistry have been investigated for communities of benthic invertebrates and pelagic metazoans ...
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Effects of growth phase, diel cycle and macronutrient stress on the quantification of Heterosigma akashiwo using qPCR and SHA

The development of molecular probe technologies over the last several decades has enabled more rapid and specific identification and enumeration of phytoplankton species compared to traditional technologies, such as light microscopy. Direct comparisons of these methods with respect to physiological ...
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Evaluation of Rapid, Early Warning Approaches to Track Shellfish Toxins Associated with Dinophysis and Alexandrium Blooms

Marine biotoxin-contaminated seafood has caused thousands of poisonings worldwide this century. Given these threats, there is an increasing need for improved technologies that can be easily integrated into coastal monitoring programs. This study evaluates approaches for monitoring toxins associated with ...
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Gambierdiscus species exhibit different epiphytic behaviors toward a variety of macroalgal hosts

Ciguatera fish poisoning is a common form of seafood poisoning caused by toxins (ciguatoxins) that accumulate in demersal (reef) food webs. The precursors of ciguatoxins are produced by dinoflagellates of the genus Gambierdiscus, and enter the food web via herbivory ...
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General Pages

Rapid Response

NCCOS's rapid response provides state and local coastal public health and resource managers with ready access to critical data on the types of HAB species and toxins present during a ...
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Harmful Algal Bloom Detection and Forecasting, Stressor Impacts and Mitigation

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