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A Mechanism Based Intervention for Brevetoxin Indu...

The Florida manatee inhabits environments in which blooms of the toxic dinoflagellate, Karenia brevis, frequently occur. K. brevis produces brevetoxins, that result in fish kills, contamination of shellfish, and respiratory ...
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Harmful Algal Bloom Detection and Forecasting, Other Topics, Sponsored Research, Stressor Impacts and Mitigation, Atlantic Ocean, Florida, Gulf of Mexico, U.S. States and Territories, Waterbodies, maggie.broadwater@noaa.gov

A Study of Gambierdiscus 'Super Bugs' and Ciguatox...

Ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP) is the most common algal-borne illness worldwide. It is a debilitating syndrome caused by consumption of fish contaminated with ciguatoxins (CTXs) produced by the dinoflagellate Gambierdiscus ...
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Harmful Algal Bloom Detection and Forecasting, Stressor Impacts and Mitigation, Florida, U.S. States and Territories, U.S. Virgin Islands, marc.suddleson@noaa.gov

Application of Quantitative Molecular Methods to C...

This project supports development for two lab-based quantitative molecular methods for more rapid, accurate detection of Alexandrium catenella resting cysts in sediment from the Gulf of Maine, Puget Sound, and ...
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Harmful Algal Bloom Detection and Forecasting, Other Topics, Sponsored Research, Stressor Impacts and Mitigation, Alaska, Atlantic Ocean, California, Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, Oregon, Pacific Ocean, U.S. States and Territories, Washington, Waterbodies, marc.suddleson@noaa.gov, steve.kibler@noaa.gov

Are Growth and Toxicity of the Dinoflagellate Alex...

Blooms of Alexandrium fundyense result in economic losses to fisheries, aquaculture, and pose public health risks. Typically, A. fundyense growth and toxicity are seen as dependent on light, temperature, and ...
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Harmful Algal Bloom Detection and Forecasting, Other Topics, Sponsored Research, Stressor Impacts and Mitigation, Atlantic Ocean, Connecticut, U.S. States and Territories, Waterbodies, john.wickham@noaa.gov

Causes and Consequences of Cell Death in the Toxic...

Numerous studies have increased understanding of processes that lead to algal bloom initiation, growth, and transport but little is known about the causes of bloom decline and termination. Preliminary results ...
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Harmful Algal Bloom Detection and Forecasting, Stressor Impacts and Mitigation, Atlantic Ocean, Gulf of Mexico, Texas, U.S. States and Territories, Waterbodies, quay.dortch@noaa.gov

Complex Interactions Between Harmful Phytoplankton...

We identified how nutrients and exotic zebra mussels interact to promote harmful algal blooms (HABs) in the Great Lakes. Results show the relationship between nutrient loading, herbivore grazing, and HABs ...
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Harmful Algal Bloom Detection and Forecasting, Stressor Impacts and Mitigation, Great Lakes, Waterbodies, quay.dortch@noaa.gov

Cross-Regional Comparison of Dinophysis Bloom Dyna...

Harmful algal blooms of Dinophysis have recently emerged as a human health threat in the U.S., resulting in closures of shellfish harvesting to prevent Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisoning. We are working ...
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Harmful Algal Bloom Detection and Forecasting, Other Topics, Sponsored Research, Stressor Impacts and Mitigation, Chesapeake Bay, Gulf of Mexico, Long Island Sound, New York, Puget Sound, Texas, U.S. States and Territories, Virginia, Washington, Waterbodies, quay.dortch@noaa.gov

Deposition and Resuspension of Alexandrium fundyen...

Toxins from annual blooms of Alexandrium fundyense accumulate in shellfish; shellfish harvesting closures protect human health, but are economically disruptive. Seed-like cysts produced by A. fundyense accumulate in bottom sediments ...
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Harmful Algal Bloom Detection and Forecasting, Stressor Impacts and Mitigation, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, U.S. States and Territories, quay.dortch@noaa.gov

Development of a Coupled Hydrodynamic-Biogeochemic...

Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) in the Chesapeake Bay, which threaten human and ecosystem health, are more frequent and severe than decades ago. We are developing a new model that incorporates ...
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Harmful Algal Bloom Detection and Forecasting, Stressor Impacts and Mitigation, Chesapeake Bay, Waterbodies, quay.dortch@noaa.gov

Differences in the Toxicity of the Alga Gambierdis...

The goal of this project is to advance our understanding of toxins produced by different species of the alga Gambierdiscus and how these toxins and their varieties move through the ...
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Biological Effects of Contaminants and Nutrients, Harmful Algal Bloom Detection and Forecasting, Stressor Impacts and Mitigation, Caribbean Sea, Waterbodies, marc.suddleson@noaa.gov

News

A ‘Team’ of Uncrewed Vehicles Reveals the Extent a...

In a milestone achievement, NCCOS partnered with the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI) and Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO) to deploy a coordinated ‘team’ of five MBARI long-range autonomous ...
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May 23, 2023 Harmful Algal Bloom Detection and Forecasting, Pathogens, Stressor Impacts and Mitigation, Water Quality, California, Monterey Bay, Pacific, U.S. States and Territories, Waterbodies, greg.doucette@noaa.gov, maggie.broadwater@noaa.gov

Scientists Train Underwater Gliders to Find, Track...

The dynamic nature of the ocean, including its many chemical and biological processes, makes it challenging to monitor microscopic, marine algae in real time, but NCCOS-funded scientists have shown it ...
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June 6, 2022 Harmful Algal Bloom Detection and Forecasting, Stressor Impacts and Mitigation, California, Pacific Ocean, U.S. States and Territories, Waterbodies, greg.doucette@noaa.gov, maggie.broadwater@noaa.gov

Harmful Algal Blooms May Soon Wreak Havoc in Arcti...

Climatic changes in Arctic Alaska are resulting in more harmful algal blooms (HABs) for the region, signaling a potential growing threat to human and ecosystem health. Over the last decade, ...
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June 1, 2022 Climate Impacts on Ecosystems, Coastal Change, Harmful Algal Bloom Detection and Forecasting, Stressor Impacts and Mitigation, Alaska, U.S. States and Territories, maggie.broadwater@noaa.gov

New Publication Reports Prevalence of Shellfish To...

Spring in the Bering Strait; several miles offshore, south of the community of Wales, Alaska. Credit: Gay Sheffield, University of Alaska Fairbanks/Alaska Sea Grant. The NCCOS Ecology & Oceanography of ...
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March 11, 2022 Climate Impacts on Ecosystems, Coastal Change, Funding, Harmful Algal Bloom Detection and Forecasting, Other Topics, Sponsored Research, Stressor Impacts and Mitigation, Alaska, Arctic Ocean, Bering Sea, U.S. States and Territories, Waterbodies, kathi.lefebvre@noaa.gov, maggie.broadwater@noaa.gov

Seasonal Differences in Gambierdiscus Abundance, T...

An NCCOS-sponsored study provides the most comprehensive and quantitative assessment to date of the in situ toxicity of Gambierdiscus marine dinoflagellates in the Caribbean. Study findings have implications for the ...
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November 29, 2021 Harmful Algal Bloom Detection and Forecasting, Other Topics, Sponsored Research, Stressor Impacts and Mitigation, Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea, U.S. States and Territories, U.S. Virgin Islands, Waterbodies, marc.suddleson@noaa.gov

Climate Change Likely to Worsen Impact of Urban Ru...

The downtown Los Angeles skyline. Credit Wikimedia Commons. An NCCOS-funded study found that nutrient-laden, urban runoff is fueling algal blooms in Southern California's coastal waters that are acidifying the water ...
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November 9, 2021 CHRP, Coastal Change, Harmful Algal Bloom Detection and Forecasting, Hypoxia, Ocean Acidification, Other Topics, Sponsored Research, Stressor Impacts and Mitigation, California, Pacific Ocean, U.S. States and Territories, Waterbodies, kimberly.puglise@noaa.gov

Understanding Blooms of Dinoflagellate Margalefidi...

Margalefidinium polykrikoides (previously known as Cochlodinium polykrikoides) is a toxic dinoflagellate algae found in Chesapeake Bay. NCCOS sponsored scientists at Old Dominion University used a time-dependent model to assess environmental ...
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November 2, 2021 Harmful Algal Bloom Detection and Forecasting, Other Topics, Sponsored Research, Stressor Impacts and Mitigation, Atlantic Ocean, Chesapeake Bay, U.S. States and Territories, Virginia, Waterbodies, maggie.broadwater@noaa.gov

Study Confirms Red Tide’s Self-sustaining Seasonal...

An NCCOS-sponsored study has validated a 40-year old theory that the Chesapeake Bay bloom-forming harmful alga Prorocentrum minimum has a seasonal life strategy that depends on physical transport by estuarine ...
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October 6, 2021 Harmful Algal Bloom Detection and Forecasting, Other Topics, Sponsored Research, Stressor Impacts and Mitigation, Atlantic Ocean, Chesapeake Bay, Maryland, U.S. States and Territories, Virginia, Waterbodies, quay.dortch@noaa.gov

New Study Finds Growing Potential for Toxic Algal ...

Satellite image of Bering Sea algal bloom. Provided by the SeaWiFS Project, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, and ORBIMAGE. Changes in the northern Alaskan Arctic ocean environment have reached a point ...
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October 5, 2021 Harmful Algal Bloom Detection and Forecasting, Stressor Impacts and Mitigation, Alaska, U.S. States and Territories, maggie.broadwater@noaa.gov

Florida's HAB Problem: Why are HABs so Prevalent i...

A new publication, sponsored in part by NCCOS, reviews the history and status of harmful algal blooms in Florida, why they occur, the main species of concern and management challenges ...
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August 30, 2021 Harmful Algal Bloom Detection and Forecasting, Other Topics, Sponsored Research, Stressor Impacts and Mitigation, Atlantic Ocean, Florida, Gulf of Mexico, U.S. States and Territories, Waterbodies, marc.suddleson@noaa.gov

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Data & Publications

A changing nutrient regime in the Gulf of Maine

Recent oceanographic observations and a retrospective analysis of nutrients and hydrography over the past five decades have revealed that the principal source of nutrients to the Gulf of Maine, the deep, nutrient-rich continental slope waters that enter at depth through ...
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A quantitative real-time PCR assay for the identification and enumeration of Alexandrium cysts in marine sediments

Harmful algal blooms (HABs) are a global problem that affects both human and ecosystem health. One of the most serious and widespread HAB poisoning syndromes is paralytic shellfish poisoning, commonly caused by Alexandrium spp. dinoflagellates. Like many toxic dinoflagellates, Alexandrium ...
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Asynchronous vertical migration and bimodal distribution of motile phytoplankton

Some motile phytoplankton have the capability to exploit deep sources of nutrients in a vertical migration cycle: photosynthesis in the near-surface layer, transit to depth, uptake of the limiting nutrient and transit back to the surface layer. If all four ...
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Bloom dynamics of the red tide dinoflagellate Alexandrium fundyense in the Gulf of Maine: a synthesis and progress towards a forecasting capability

Paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) is a recurrent and widespread problem in the Gulf of Maine (GOM) caused by the dinoflagellate Alexandrium fundyense. Blooms of this species have been the subject of more than a decade of investigation through the ECOHAB-GOM ...
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Detecting copepod grazing on low-concentration populations of Alexandrium fundyense using PCR

Zooplankton grazing is often a significant loss term for phytoplankton populations, including harmful algae, impacting the development and decline of blooms. However, detecting and quantifying predation on phytoplankton is often challenging, particularly during early bloom stages when phytoplankton cell concentrations ...
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Diversity and dynamics of a widespread bloom of the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium fundyense

Historically, cosmopolitan phytoplankton species were presumed to represent largely unstructured populations. However, the recent development of molecular tools to examine genetic diversity have revealed differences in phytoplankton taxa across geographic scales and provided insight into the physiology and ecology of ...
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Does the fall phytoplankton bloom control recruitment of Georges Bank haddock, Melanogrammus aeglefinus, through parental condition?

In 2003, the Georges Bank stock of haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) experienced the largest recruitment event recorded during its assessed history. Several hypotheses have been advanced to explain recruitment variability in this much-scrutinized stock, including variability in the retention of eggs ...
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Drifter Observations of the Gulf of Maine Coastal Current

Two-hundred and twenty seven satellite-tracked drifters were deployed in the Gulf of Maine (GoM) from 1988 to 2007, primarily during spring and summer. The archive of tracks includes over 100,000 km logged thus far. Statistics such as transit times, mean ...
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Dynamics of a mesoscale eddy off Cape Ann, Massachusetts in May 2005

Observations and numerical modeling indicate that a mesoscale anti-cyclonic eddy formed south of Cape Ann at the northern entrance of Massachusetts Bay (MB) during May 2005, when large river discharges in the western Gulf of Maine and two strong Nor'easters ...
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Effects of inorganic and organic nitrogen and phosphorus on the growth and toxicity of two Alexandrium species from Hong Kong

The effects of three nitrogen (N) and two phosphorus (P) inorganic and organic forms on the growth, toxin content and composition, toxin production, and chemical composition of Alexandrium catenella and Alexandrium tamarense isolated from coastal waters of Hong Kong were ...
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